Premedication and hydration importance for arterial blood pressure during knee endoprosthesis operations

ABSTRACT

Patient’s preoperative dehydration is a common topic, occurring as hypovolemia during the operation. In this article we analyze preoperative fluid therapy and premedication influence on arterial blood pressure (ABP).

Aim: To evaluate the influence of premedication and consumed fluid in preoperative period on ABP in different groups and compare ABP index variation between the groups.

Methodology: A retrospective analysis in department of Orthopedic Traumatology of  Panevezys Republican Hospital 103 case histories. Patients underwent hip and knee joints arthroplasty during the period of 2015-10-01-2015-12-31.

Results: The highest systolic ABP change was at 30th minute. The highest ABP change was noticed on patients, who were dehydrated (premedicated 26,67±2,79 mmHg and  non-premedicated 25,27±2,95 mmHg). The highest ABP was established in group 1 (N=20; systolic 127,15±5,06 mmHg; diastolic 68,60±2,88 mmHg), the lowest was in group 3 (N=24; systolic 107,63±3,58 mmHg; ; diastolic 60,96±2,21 mmHg). ABP differences were statistically significant between groups 1 and 3 (16,82 mmHg, p=0,0015), 4 and 1 groups (15,42 mmHg, p= 0,0015), 3 and 2 groups (13,03 mmHg, p=0,017), 2 and 4 groups (11,63 mmHg, p= 0,021). No statistically significant difference was noted between the groups.

Conclusions: The highest ABP variation was noticed in patients who were dehydrated during preoperative period, independently premedication was used or not. There was a statically significant correlation between sufficient consumption of fluids and insufficient consumption and ABP differences. Keywords: Arterial blood pressure, fluid therapy, preoperative.