DIFFERENCES OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY FINDINGS BETWEEN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

 Tautvydas Rugelis1, Agnė Markevičiūtė1, Viktorija Černulytė1

1 Faculty of Medicine, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality of patients, mainly due to cardiovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction (MI). An intensified glycaemic control has been shown to have long-term survival effects, as well as correction of lipid level and arterial blood pressure.

Aim: Determine the differences in clinical data and laboratory findings between ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients with and without DM.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on randomly selected patients who admitted LSMUL Kaunas Clinics in 2015 with a diagnosis of STEMI. Patient demographic and clinical data were analysed. The participants in the study were divided into two groups: DM and non-diabetic patients. Statistical data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 22.0 software.

Results: The study involved 189 patients: 121 men and 68 women. 49 patients had DM, 140 were non-diabetic. Comparing the lipid profile results, LDL-C levels in the DM patients were lower than non-diabetic (3.21 ± 1.04 vs. 3.55 ± 0.92, p <0.05), triglycerides in the blood were higher in the DM group (2.40 ± 2.24 vs. 1.51 ± 1.09, p <0.001). Patients with DM were significantly worse in renal function. In the assessment of early mortality in hospital, DM group mortality was higher (10.2% vs 2.1%, p<0.05).

Conclusions: 1. Patients age did not differ in DM and non-diabetic groups. 2. Patients with DM had lower low-density lipoprotein and higher triglycerides concentration in the blood than in the non-diabetic group. 3. Patients with DM had a higher incidence of recurrent MI, a tendency for a higher incidence of three coronary artery disease and higher in-hospital mortality compared to a non-diabetic group. Also, a higher incidence of renal dysfunction has been observed in patients with DM.